تحلیل کیفیت زندگی شهری در محلات شهری با تأکید بر رویکردهای روش‌شناسی تطبیقی مکانی مطالعه موردی منطقه 6 تهران

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری سنجش از دور و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه سنجش‌ازدور و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار گروه سنجش‌ازدور و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

4 استادیار جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

10.22034/jsc.2021.280352.1445

چکیده

امروزه با رشد روزافزون جمعیت و گسترش شهرها، ارزیابی کیفیت زندگی شهری از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است. این ارزیابی‌ها به سازمان‌ها و مدیران شهری چشم‌انداز مناسبی را جهت تدوین برنامه‌های آتی و تخصیص هزینه کرد بودجه‌ها را می‌دهد. دراین‌بین روش‌های مختلفی جهت ارزیابی کیفیت زندگی شهری وجود دارد که از میان آن‌ها روش استفاده ترکیبی از تحلیل تصمیم‌گیری چندمعیاره می‌تواند ارزیابی کیفیت زندگی شهری را باقابلیت‌های منحصربه‌فرد و تکمیل سیستم‌های اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS) ارائه دهد. در این پژوهش از روش OWA که یکی از روش‌های مهم تصمیم‌گیری چند معیاره است با دو رویکرد محلی و سراسری در سه درجه ریسک‌پذیری 3/0، 5/0، 7/0، تغییر اندازه پیکسل به 30،15 و 60 متر و استفاده از فیلترهای 3*3،5*5 و 7*7 باهدف ارزیابی کیفیت زندگی شهری استفاده شد. بررسی‌ها روی شش محله شامل: انقلاب اسلامی، ولیعصر، دانشگاه تهران، قائم‌مقام، بهجت‌آباد و پارک لاله و لایه‌های آلودگی هوا، ترافیک، دسترسی به خدمات سلامت، کیفیت پیاده‌رو، دسترسی به فضای سبز و تراکم_ جمعیت نشان داد به‌کارگیری رویکرد محلی و سراسری، تغییر در اندازه پیکسل و درجات مختلف ریسک‌پذیری می‌تواند هرکدام به‌صورت توأم و یا جداگانه تأثیر مستقیم و بسیار زیادی بر نتایج کار بگذارد. به‌طوری‌که با تغییر هرکدام از موارد ضمن تغییر قابل‌توجه در مساحت طبقه‌بندی در بسیاری از موارد، رتبه مناطق هم دچار تغییر شد. در بررسی رویکردهای مختلف استفاده از درجه ریسک‌پذیری 7/0 و اندازه پیکسل 30 و 60 با فیلتر 5*5 نتایج بهتری را نسبت به ارزیابی‌های میدانی به همراه داشته است. بنابراین با توجه به حساسیت بالای متغیرهای بیان‌شده و تأثیر مستقیم وزن هر لایه، باید دقت بالایی در انتخاب متغیرها و وزن دهی کارشناسان صورت گیرد.
 

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