The Role of Social Participation in Improving the Performance of Urban Space Crisis Management Case Study: Robat Karim City

Extended Abstract
Introduction
The importance of crises, natural and unnatural disasters in human settlements due to the unpredictable nature of disasters and hazards and the need for quick and correct adoption to prevent and reduce the consequences of crises, a knowledge called crisis management has been created. Also, given that most events happen suddenly, it is necessary to make the accurate decision at the appropriate time. These decisions should include pre-, during- and post-crisis measures in the form of knowledge and principles of crisis management. Before pursuing any long-term goals, the role of social participation is essential to ensure the stability and continued success of crisis management. Effective crisis management requires a systematic approach based on social participation, managerial sensitivity, and a proper understanding of the importance of crisis management by residents. In this regard, the present study tries to examine the role of citizen participation in improving the performance of urban space crisis management because local communities with their extensive participation have always been the first to help those affected by the crisis. Therefore, they should be empowered as much as possible. The location of the present study is the city of Robat Karim. This is doubly important in the city of Robat Karim, given that it is a city that has the potential for many dangers and crises. Therefore, the main question is as follow:
what is the role of social participation in improving the performance of crisis management in the city of Robat Karim?
 
Methodology
This research is applied and descriptive-analytical one in terms of purpose and research method, respectively.  Data collection has been done by two predominant documentary and field methods. Thus, in the theoretical foundations section, articles, dissertations and library documents have been used, and in the field section, questionnaire tools have been exerted. The statistical population of the study is 105393 people of Robat Karim in 2016. Using Cochran's formula, 383 people were randomly selected as the statistical sample size. Research indicators were extracted from sources and studies as research background and then these indicators were provided to experts in the form of a questionnaire to confirm their validity according to the conditions of the region. We used Cronbach's alpha test to ensure the reliability or reliability of the research. After performing the test, the statistical value was calculated with 0.798 more than 0.75, which indicates the acceptable reliability of the research. In order to analyze the data, a questionnaire was developed and completed to receive residents' opinions and then using SPSS software and statistical methods such as correlation coefficient and simple linear regression test to analyze the data.
 
Results and discussion
In the present study, social participation with three indicators (participation in decision-making and management, participation in financing, participation in human resources) and 14 sub-indicators as independent variables and crisis management with three indicators (social, physical, management and rescue) and 14 sub-indices have been measured as dependent variables. According to the test results, it was found that Pearson correlation coefficient of two variables is equal to 0.783 and the value of the adjusted coefficient of determination is equal to 0.579, which indicates the ability of the independent variable to explain the variance of the dependent one. That is, the independent variable explains 57% of the dependent changes, and the rest of these changes, known as the error quantity squares, are influenced by variables outside the model. Also, the value of Watson's camera is equal to 1.23, which indicates that the remains are independent of each other. The value of regression for this model is equal to 28.27 and the residual value is equal to 21.80 and because the amount of residual squares is less than the sum of regression squares, it shows that the high explanatory power of the model in explaining the changes of the dependent variable.
 
Conclusion
It can be summarized that with the expansion of citizen participation, the ability and performance of crisis management in this city will improve. And in the crisis management system of Robat Karim city, the most basic component is the increase of social participation, and this increase of participation is possible with a community-based and people-centered strategy. Therefore, in the first step, the capacities of the society should be identified and used while covering the existing gaps and needs of the people and regions / neighborhoods. Therefore, the development of this capacity and the use of other social and civic capacities with high social mobility and the use of these potentials should be put on the agenda.