مجله شهر پایدار

مجله شهر پایدار

ارزیابی عملکرد حرارتی بام سبز مطالعه موردی: شهر تبریز

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان
زهرا نوبر
اکبر رحیمی
گروه برنامه‌ریزی شهری و منطقه‌ای، دانشکده برنامه‌ریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران
10.22034/jsc.2025.475823.1799
چکیده
با افزایش سریع جمعیت در شهرهای درحال‌توسعه و توسعه‌یافته، مدیریت و تأمین نیازهای ساکنان شهری به یکی از چالش‌های اساسی تبدیل‌شده است. بام‌های سبز به‌عنوان یک راهکار مؤثر برای توسعه پایدار شهری، مزایای قابل‌توجهی در ابعاد زیست‌محیطی، اقتصادی و اجتماعی ارائه می‌دهند. این پژوهش که در سال ۱۳۹۹ در شهر تبریز (اقلیم سرد و خشک) انجام‌شده است و به بررسی تأثیر بام‌های سبز در بهبود کیفیت هوای شهری و صرفه‌جویی انرژی در ساختمان‌های مسکونی پرداخته است. برای بررسی این تأثیرات، با استفاده از نرم‌افزار شبیه‌ساز انرژی DesignBuilder دو سناریو طراحی‌شده است: یکی با پوشش گیاهی در بام‌ها و دیگری بدون پوشش گیاهی. این پژوهش با تحلیل داده‌های به‌دست‌آمده از شبیه‌سازی این سناریوها و تأثیرات آن‌ها بر مصرف انرژی گرمایش و سرمایش، تولید CO2 و کیفیت هوای شهری را در طول یک سال با توجه به شرایط جوی موجود ارزیابی کرده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که در بام معمولی شبیه‌سازی‌شده در ماه مرداد (گرم‌ترین ماه سال در تبریز)، مصرف انرژی تقریباً 2000 kWh است، درحالی‌که این رقم در ساختمان‌های دارای بام سبز حدود 1200 kWh بوده است. این تفاوت‌ها نشان می‌دهد که ساختمان شبیه‌سازی‌شده فاقد بام سبز و دارای سقف معمولی به‌طورکلی انرژی بیشتری نسبت به ساختمان شبیه‌سازی دارای بام سبز مصرف می‌کند. نتایج این مطالعه می‌تواند به‌عنوان نقطه عطف و نقشه راه برای طراحی و ساخت ساختمان‌ها در شهرهای درحال‌توسعه و توسعه‌یافته بوده و گامی مؤثر به‌سوی هوشمند سازی ساختمان‌های موجود و در حال احداث باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
بام سبز
بهینه‌سازی مصرف انرژی
دیزاین بیلدر
بار گرمایشی
تبریز
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مجله شهر پایدار
دوره 8، شماره 1
بهار 1404
صفحه 101-117