انجمن جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری ایران مجله شهر پایدار 2476-6631 8 4 2025 12 22 Analysis of Factors Influencing Nightlife in Multi-Functional Corridors: A Case Study of Shabrang Street, Marivan تحلیل عوامل مؤثر بر زیست شبانه در محورهای چند عملکردی مطالعه موردی : خیابان شبرنگ مریوان 1 19 228118 10.22034/jsc.2025.501949.1831 FA هیمن رحمن پور گروه مهندسی شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران 0009-0000-7682-3255 کیومرث حبیبی گروه مهندسی شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران 0000-0001-5492-8259 مهدی سعیدی گروه مهندسی شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران 0000-0001-8282-0181 Journal Article 2025 07 05 A B S T R A C T With the growth of urbanization worldwide and the emphasis on sustainable development, converting urban streets into sidewalks has been recognized as an effective approach to improving the quality of urban life. In Iran, the importance of designing pedestrian-oriented spaces, especially in the historical and central areas of cities, has been increasingly considered because of its effects on vitality, environmental security, and the nighttime economy. This research aimed to investigate and analyze the role and importance of the components affecting nightlife on Shabrang Street to identify the factors affecting the development of nightlife in the central context. Owing to its unique historical, social, and commercial location, this street has high potential for promoting nightlife and strengthening social interactions. The research method was based on confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using Smart PLS software. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using physical, social, functional, economic, and environmental indicators. The results showed that social dimensions (coefficient = 0.935) and functional dimensions (coefficient = 0.820) had the greatest impact on enhancing nightlife. Physical, economic, and environmental indicators with coefficients of 0.709, 0.694, and 0.678, respectively, also play an effective role. Improving urban furniture, increasing the diversity and scale of uses, improving lighting and security, and holding nighttime activities and events have been identified as key factors. This research provides valuable information for urban decision-makers and policymakers that can be used to design sustainable cities and strengthen the nightlife economy. Extended Abstract Introduction In recent decades, rapid urbanization, increasing car use, and decreased vitality in public spaces have created significant challenges for Iranian cities, especially in central contexts. One of the effective solutions to respond to these challenges is to transform streets into sidewalks with multipurpose and more humane functions. Nightlife, as an emerging phenomenon in contemporary cities, plays a key role in improving vitality, security, and quality of life. Marivan's Shabrang Street, with its central location and proximity to the market and historical elements, has a high capacity to become a pedestrian crossing with nighttime function. However, obstacles such as traffic congestion and lack of infrastructure have revealed the need for feasibility studies in this field. This study aims to investigate and analyze the role and importance of the components affecting nightlife in Shabrang Streets to identify the factors affecting the development of nightlife in the central context. Methodology This applied research was conducted using a quantitative method. The statistical population comprised Shabrang Street users, including local residents and tourists. The sample size was determined using Cochran’s formula for an infinite population, resulting in 384 participants. Simple random sampling was employed to ensure diverse perspectives were gathered. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire containing 65 questions across five primary dimensions. The questionnaire was designed on a five-point Likert scale (ranging from "very low" to "very high") and covered indicators such as pathway quality, security, land-use diversity, and social interactions. The reliability of the research instrument was confirmed using Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability (CR), with values exceeding 0.7 indicating satisfactory reliability. Construct validity was assessed using average variance extracted (AVE), with values above 0.5 confirming adequate validity. Data analysis was performed using Smart PLS software. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to examine the model's structure and evaluate relationships among indicators. Prior to analysis, the normality of the data was assessed using skewness and kurtosis indices. To enhance model fit, indicators with factor loadings below 0.4 were excluded. Results and discussion The results revealed that among the five primary dimensions, the social dimension had the greatest impact on the nightlife experience. Environmental security and social interactions were identified as the most critical indicators within this dimension. Providing adequate lighting, increasing nighttime social and cultural activities, and enhancing environmental safety are pivotal in attracting residents and improving street vibrancy. The findings indicate that appropriate lighting not only enhances the visual appeal of the street but also strengthens users’ sense of security. Additionally, organizing nighttime events such as cultural markets, festivals, and artistic activities significantly boosts social interactions. The functional dimension also showed a considerable influence on nightlife. Key indicators within this dimension include the diversity and suitability of land use, quality of public services, and access to public transportation. The presence of diverse land uses, such as cafes, restaurants, and cultural and recreational centers, particularly in an area with substantial historical and tourist potential, such as Shabrang Street, can attract larger crowds and enhance nighttime vibrancy. The physical dimension, comprising indicators such as the quality of urban furniture, pathway continuity, and route clarity, ranked as the third most influential factor. The findings emphasized that standard urban furniture, such as benches, trash bins, and water fountains strategically placed in key locations, can create a more attractive and comfortable environment for users. Continuity and legibility of pedestrian pathways also play vital roles in improving accessibility and encouraging users to spend more time in the space. The environmental dimension highlighted the benefits of reducing vehicular traffic and encouraging the use of public transportation to mitigate air and noise pollution, thereby enhancing nightlife quality. These measures not only alleviate environmental issues but also create calmer and healthier spaces for pedestrians. Although the economic dimension had a relatively lower impact than the other dimensions, the findings showed that strengthening the nighttime economy through the establishment of local markets and the promotion of small businesses could significantly boost the region's economic growth and enhance Marivan’s urban branding. Strategic planning to expand service sector jobs and attract tourists were additional recommendations within this dimension. The Goodness-of-Fit (GoF) index, used to evaluate the overall model fit, yielded a value of 0.662, indicating an excellent fit. The exclusion of indicators with low factor loadings, such as lighting quality and 24-hour activities, underscores the need for targeted planning to improve these aspects. Conclusion The present study demonstrated that Shabrang Street in Marivan, with its prime location in the city center and proximity to historical and commercial sites, has significant potential for transformation into a vibrant nightlife hub. Improving infrastructure, enhancing security, diversifying land use, and planning cultural nighttime events are essential measures to ensure the success of this initiative. Adequate lighting design, increased urban furniture, and development of safe pedestrian pathways are fundamental prerequisites for achieving these objectives. This study provides a practical framework for developing nightlife in similar cities across Iran and can serve as an inspiration for future urban planning initiatives aimed at sustainable development. Transforming Shabrang Street into a pedestrian pathway not only enhances the quality of urban life and promotes social interactions, but also strengthens Marivan’s nighttime economy, positioning the city as an attractive destination for tourists. Funding There is no funding support. Authors’ Contribution The authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest The authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. با رشد شهرنشینی در جهان و تأکید بر توسعه پایدار، تبدیل معابر شهری به پیاده‌راه به‌عنوان رویکردی مؤثر در ارتقای کیفیت زندگی شهری شناخته‌شده است. در ایران نیز، اهمیت طراحی فضاهای پیاده محور به‌ویژه در مناطق تاریخی و مرکزی شهرها، به دلیل تأثیرات آن بر سرزندگی، امنیت محیطی، و اقتصاد شبانه، به‌طور فزاینده‌ای موردتوجه قرارگرفته است. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی و تحلیل نقش و اهمیت مؤلفه‌های مؤثر بر زیست شبانه در خیابان شبرنگ به‌منظور شناسایی عوامل تأثیرگذار بر توسعه زیست شبانه در بافت مرکزی انجام‌شده است. این خیابان به دلیل موقعیت تاریخی، اجتماعی، و تجاری منحصربه‌فرد خود، پتانسیل بالایی برای ارتقای زیست شبانه و تقویت تعاملات اجتماعی دارد. روش تحقیق مبتنی بر تحلیل عاملی تأییدی (CFA) با استفاده از نرم‌افزار Smart PLS است. داده‌ها با پرسش‌نامه جمع‌آوری و از طریق شاخص‌های کالبدی، اجتماعی، کارکردی، اقتصادی، و زیست‌محیطی تحلیل‌شده‌اند. نتایج نشان داد که ابعاد اجتماعی با ضریب 0.935 و کارکردی با ضریب 0.820 بیشترین تأثیر را بر تقویت زیست شبانه دارند. همچنین، شاخص‌های کالبدی، اقتصادی و زیست‌محیطی با ضرایب 0.709، 0.694 و 0.678 نیز نقش مؤثری ایفا می‌کنند. بهبود مبلمان شهری، افزایش تنوع و مقیاس کاربری‌ها، ارتقای روشنایی و امنیت محور و برگزاری فعالیت‌ها و رویدادهای شبانه از عوامل کلیدی شناسایی‌شده‌اند. این پژوهش اطلاعات ارزشمندی برای تصمیم‌گیران شهری و سیاست‌گذاران فراهم می‌آورد که می‌تواند در طراحی شهرهای پایدار و تقویت اقتصاد شبانه به کار گرفته شود.

https://www.jscity.ir/article_228118_0a8958241e0ff42b783eb5b1f3a885a4.pdf

انجمن جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری ایران مجله شهر پایدار 2476-6631 8 4 2025 12 22 Identification and Evaluation of Key Built Environment Indicators on the Mental Health of Older Adults in Metropolitan Areas: A case study of Shiraz city شناسایی و ارزیابی شاخص‌های کلیدی محیط ساخته‌شده بر سلامت روان سالمندان در کلان‌شهرها، مطالعه موردی: شهر شیراز 21 39 233446 10.22034/jsc.2025.528574.1851 FA فاطمه شیخ اسدی گروه معماری، مجتمع آموزش عالی زرند، زرند، ایران 0009-0006-5257-2379 هاله حسین پور گروه شهرسازی، واحد پردیس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، پردیس ، ایران علی سزاوار گروه مهندسی معماری، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران زمزم زمان زاده دربان گروه مرمت و احیا بناهای تاریخی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران Journal Article 2025 07 05 A B S T R A C T Amid the escalating challenges posed by aging populations, the influence of the built environment on mental health has received increasing scholarly attention. Extensive research has underscored the significance of the interplay between the built environment and the mental health of older adults. However, to date, no study has systematically identified the key built environment indicators that influence the mental health of older adults in Shiraz, Iran. This study seeks to identify and evaluate the primary built environment factors shaping mental health outcomes in this population. Fuzzy cognitive mapping, implemented through Mental Modeler software, was employed to examine the interrelationships among these indicators. Phi coefficient analysis elucidated the associations between built environment indicators and mental health across genders, while independent t-tests in SPSS were employed to compare mental health levels between male and female participants. The results indicated that housing quality, perceived safety, and access to green space infrastructure are pivotal determinants of mental health among older adults in Shiraz. A direct positive correlation was observed between the built environment and mental health, with the association notably stronger among female participants. Additionally, female participants reported higher overall levels of mental well-being compared to their male counterparts. This study enhances understanding of how the built environment shapes the mental well-being of older adults, offering findings with practical implications for urban planning and public health policy. Integrating subjective perceptions with objective assessments provides a more comprehensive understanding of the current context and can inform evidence-based strategies for optimizing mental health outcomes among older adults. Extended Abstract Introduction The global population is aging at an unprecedented pace, necessitating the adaptation of urban environments to the evolving needs of older adults. Global demographic projections estimate that by 2050, approximately 2.1 billion individuals will be aged 60 and above, representing a twofold increase compared to 2017. This demographic transition carries profound implications for public health, with particular significance for mental health outcomes. Urban planning plays a pivotal role in shaping the physical environment, which, in turn, influences the mental well-being of older adults. A nuanced understanding of how built environment characteristics shape mental health outcomes among older adults is essential for informing the design of age-friendly urban spaces. This study aims to identify and evaluate the principal built environment indicators influencing the mental well-being of older adults in Shiraz, Iran. The central research question guiding this study is: Which built environment indicators exert the most significant influence on the mental well-being of older adults in Shiraz? Analyzing these factors contributes to advancing scholarship on sustainable urban development and the promotion of healthy aging. Methodology This study employed a descriptive–analytical design, integrating both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Data were obtained through expert evaluations and structured surveys of older adults, and subsequent statistical analyses were conducted to investigate the associations between built environment variables and mental health outcomes. A total of 20 key built environment indicators were identified through an extensive literature review complemented by expert consultations. These indicators were validated through fuzzy cognitive mapping using Mental Modeler software, facilitating the visualization of causal linkages and interdependencies among the selected variables. Participants’ mental health status was assessed using the validated 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). A sample of 384 older adults was determined using Cochran’s formula, and the questionnaires were randomly administered in high-traffic community locations, including parks, senior centers, mosques, and local markets. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software, with Phi correlation tests and one-sample t-tests employed to evaluate the strength of associations between built environment variables and overall mental well-being. Results and Discussion The findings indicate that multiple built environment features exert a significant influence on the mental well-being of older adults. Among the 20 examined indicators, housing quality emerged as the most critical factor (centrality score: 7.97), followed by neighborhood safety (7.81) and housing accessibility (7.68). These findings underscore the necessity of designing residential environments that are safe, affordable, and accessible for older adults. Furthermore, access to green spaces exhibited a strong positive correlation with self-reported mental well-being, consistent with prior research highlighting the restorative effects of natural environments on older adults. Statistical analyses confirmed a significant association between perceived built environment characteristics and mental health outcomes, with findings suggesting that female participants are more sensitive to environmental conditions. The Phi coefficient test revealed a strong association (0.78), particularly among female participants. One-sample t-tests further demonstrated a significant difference in mental well-being scores between male and female participants, with men exhibiting lower average scores (22.46) compared to women (18.11). These results emphasize the importance of implementing gender-sensitive interventions in urban planning. Other influential indicators comprised acoustic comfort, lighting quality, street and pedestrian pathway design, access to local shops and services, and the availability of recreational facilities. These findings are consistent with prior studies emphasizing the role of walkable neighborhoods, noise mitigation, and well-maintained infrastructure in fostering active lifestyles and reducing stress among older adults. Fuzzy cognitive mapping further revealed intricate interdependencies among the environmental indicators. For instance, housing quality emerged as a highly influential factor (influence score: 6.24) while also exhibiting moderate dependency on other factors (dependency score: 1.73), underscoring its central position within the system. Neighborhood safety likewise demonstrated a high influence score (5.21), corroborating that secure environments directly facilitate the mobility and social engagement of older adults. Conclusion This study underscores the importance of integrating mental health considerations into urban planning and design to foster age-friendly environments. Key recommendations include enhancing housing quality and affordability, strengthening neighborhood safety, expanding access to green and recreational spaces, and developing inclusive public infrastructure tailored to the needs of older adults. A primary limitation of this study is its reliance on self-reported data, which may be subject to biases arising from participants’ subjective perceptions. Future research should integrate objective environmental measures—such as air quality indices, noise levels, and spatial accessibility metrics—to complement survey data and yield a more comprehensive understanding of how environmental factors influence mental well-being. Moreover, the observed gender disparities in mental well-being outcomes warrant further investigation. Qualitative research employing in-depth interviews with older male participants could elucidate the cultural, social, and psychological barriers contributing to lower well-being in this population. In summary, this study provides critical insights into the relationship between the built environment and the mental well-being of older adults. By identifying key environmental indicators and evaluating their relative significance, the study offers practical guidance for policymakers, urban planners, and public health practitioners. Designing urban environments that support the mental well-being of older adults is essential not only for promoting healthy aging but also for fostering inclusive and sustainable cities for future generations. Funding There is no funding support. Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. با شدت گرفتن مسائل مربوط به سالمندی، تأثیر محیط ساخته‌شده بر سلامت روان توجه بیشتری را به خود جلب کرده است. مطالعات متعددی بر اهمیت ارتباطات بین محیط ساخته‌شده و سلامت روان سالمندان تأکید کرده‌اند. اما تاکنون، در زمینه شناسایی مهم‌ترین شاخص‌های کلیدی محیط‌های ساخته‌شده بر سلامت روان سالمندان شهر شیراز، مطالعه‌ای انجام‌نشده است. در این راستا پژوهش حاضر به شناسایی و ارزیابی مهم‌ترین شاخص‌های کلیدی محیط ساخته‌شده بر سلامت روان سالمندان در شهر شیراز پرداخته است. لذا از روش نقشه شناختی فازی در نرم‌افزار Mental modeler برای بررسی ارتباط بین شاخص‌ها، استفاده شد. همچنین، برای بررسی رابطه بین محیط ساخته‌شده و سلامت روان در دو گروه جنسیتی (مردان و زنان) آزمون فی استفاده شد. سطح سلامت روان این دو گروه نیز با آزمون t مستقل در نرم‌افزار SPSS مقایسه گردید. نتایج نشان داد که؛ شاخص‌های کیفیت مسکن، ایمنی و زیرساخت‌های فضای سبز، نقش کلیدی بر سلامت روان سالمندان شهر شیراز دارند. همچنین، بین محیط ساخته‌شده و سلامت روان ارتباط مستقیمی وجود داشته است. این ارتباط در زنان از شدت بیشتری برخوردار بود و میزان سلامت روان آن‌ها نیز نسبت به مردان بالاتر گزارش شد. این مطالعه با ارائه نتایج کاربردی به درک بهتر تأثیر محیط ساخته‌شده بر سلامت روان سالمندان کمک می‌کند. استفاده از دیدگاه‌های ذهنی همراه با ارزیابی‌های عینی می‌تواند تصویری جامع‌تر از وضعیت موجود ارائه دهد و زمینه‌ساز تصمیم‌گیری‌های بهینه در طراحی و بهبود شاخص‌های سلامت روان سالمندان باشد.

https://www.jscity.ir/article_233446_4720ac498f9406fc03ee0ccd56e676a9.pdf

انجمن جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری ایران مجله شهر پایدار 2476-6631 8 4 2025 12 22 Analysis of factors affecting the realization of smart urban governance: A Case Study of District 12 of Tehran تحلیل عوامل مؤثر بر تحقق حکمروایی هوشمند شهری مطالعه موردی: منطقه 12 شهر تهران 41 60 233848 10.22034/jsc.2025.530867.1854 FA میرسالار حبیبی گروه معماری و شهرسازی، واحد صحنه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، صحنه، ایران 0000-0003-2851-8322 Journal Article 2025 07 06 A B S T R A C T This study aims to analyze the key factors influencing the realization of smart urban governance. Methodologically, the research is applied in purpose and adopts a descriptive–analytical approach. Data were collected using both documentary (library) and field methods. The study population comprised experts, practitioners, and university academics specializing in urban planning and urban development. The sample size was determined based on the number of observable variables: given that the questionnaire contained 20 items, a ratio of five respondents per item was adopted, resulting in a total of 100 participants. The reliability of the questionnaire was verified through the calculation of Cronbach’s alpha and the composite reliability coefficient (CR). Instrument validity was assessed in two stages: (1) face and content validity, confirmed through expert evaluation, and (2) discriminant validity, established by calculating the average variance extracted (AVE). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed using the LISREL software to analyze the research data. The findings indicate that e-service management (β = 0.15), e-participation (β = 0.26), e-service quality (β = 0.57), and e-learning (β = 0.17) exert positive and statistically significant effects on smart urban governance. Extended Abstract Introduction In recent years, Tehran’s urban management system has increasingly prioritized the principles of smart cities and intelligent urban governance, taking notable steps toward their implementation. However, insufficient citizen participation and the disconnect between the city’s management system and the civic sphere have received limited attention. The potential of smart urban governance lies in its ability to build a robust infrastructure for interaction and communication between municipal authorities and citizens.Located in the city’s historic core, District 12 of Tehran performs multiple urban functions, including residential, commercial, service, and tourism activities, and therefore requires effective platforms for citizen engagement and coordinated urban management. The district’s extensive dilapidated urban fabric, high land values, and persistent challenges such as environmental degradation and traffic congestion underscore the need for participatory and collaborative approaches to development. In this context, the capacities inherent in smart urban governance can address many of the district’s challenges while fostering citizen cooperation and active participation. Accordingly, this study seeks to answer the following central question: What factors influence the realization of smart urban governance in Tehran’s District 12? Methodology This study is applied in purpose and adopts a descriptive–analytical approach. Data were collected through both documentary (library-based) and field methods. The study population comprised experts, practitioners, and university faculty members specializing in urban planning and urban development.The sample size was determined based on the number of observable variables, following the rule that the sample should range between five and fifteen times the number of questionnaire items (5Q < N < 15Q). Given that the questionnaire comprised 20 items, a ratio of five respondents per item was applied, resulting in a final sample size of 100 participants. A simple random sampling technique was employed. Questionnaire validity was examined in two stages: (1) face and content validity were confirmed through expert review, and (2) discriminant validity was established by calculating the Average Variance Extracted (AVE) index. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS and LISREL software packages. Result and Discussion The analysis revealed that e-service management has a significant positive impact on smart urban governance, with a path coefficient (β) of 0.15. The corresponding t-value (4.48) exceeds the critical threshold of 1.96, and the significance level (p = 0.04) is below the 0.05 criterion, confirming the statistical validity of this relationship. E-participation also exerts a positive and statistically significant influence on smart urban governance, with a path coefficient of 0.26. The t-value (3.30) surpasses the 1.96 threshold, and the p-value (0.02) indicates significance at the 95% confidence level. Among the examined variables, e-service quality exhibited the strongest effect, with a path coefficient of 0.57. The t-value (4.90) far exceeds the critical value, and the p-value (0.01) further supports a positive and significant association with smart urban governance. E-learning likewise demonstrated a positive and significant impact on smart urban governance, with a path coefficient of 0.17. The t-value (2.63) is greater than 1.96, and the p-value (0.04) confirms the significance of this relationship. Overall, the findings suggest that improvements in e-service management, e-participation, e-service quality, and e-learning collectively contribute to the effective realization of smart urban governance in the study area. Conclusion Smart governance constitutes a fundamental pillar in the realization of smart cities. The achievement of a sustainable and livable city, where citizens’ needs and services are met at an optimal level, depends largely on the effective realization of a smart urban governance model. This study aimed to analyze the key factors influencing the realization of smart urban governance. The results indicate that e-service management, e-participation, e-service quality, and e-learning exert significant effects on smart urban governance. Among these variables, e-participation demonstrated the greatest impact, with a path coefficient of 0.57. E-participation represents the backbone and animating principle of smart governance. Without meaningful citizen involvement, a city may deploy technology to become a “digital city,” yet it will fall short of embodying a truly “smart city,” where governance is participatory, inclusive, and adaptive. E-participation is not merely a technological add-on; rather, it constitutes a paradigm shift that transforms hierarchical decision-making into an interactive, networked, and participatory system. A genuinely smart city is one in which technology serves as a catalyst for strengthening democracy, enhancing transparency, and empowering citizens to shape their collective future. Accordingly, investment in e-participation equates to investment in the very foundations of smart and sustainable urban governance. In the context of smart urban governance, education, soft infrastructure, and service quality constitute essential outcomes. Without sustained investment in the education of citizens, public employees, and stakeholders, even the most advanced technologies cannot ensure the provision of high-quality services. Conversely, without continuous improvement in service quality, educational initiatives will have limited impact. Ultimately, the success of a smart city rests on the intelligent integration of skilled human capital and advanced technologies to deliver equitable, high-quality, and sustainable urban services. This synergy constitutes the essence of smart urban governance. Funding There is no funding support. Authors’ Contribution The authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest The authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper نبود مشارکت کافی و جدایی فعالیت و عملکرد نظام مدیریت شهری از فضای فکری شهروندان مسئله‌ای است که طی سال‌های مختلف کمتر موردتوجه قرارگرفته است؛ به نظر می‌رسد قابلیت‌های حکمروایی هوشمند شهری می‌تواند زیرساخت مناسبی برای برقراری ارتباط بین نظام مدیریت شهری و شهروندان ایجاد کند. ازاین‌رو پژوهش حاضر باهدف تحلیل عوامل مؤثر بر تحقق حکمروایی هوشمند شهری نوشته شد. پژوهش حاضر از نظر هدف کاربردی، و از نظر روش توصیفی-تحلیلی است. در راستای گردآوری داده‌ها از روش کتابخانه‌ای و میدانی استفاده شد. جامعه آماری این تحقیق کارشناسان و متخصصین و اساتید دانشگاهی مرتبط با حوزه برنامه‌ریزی شهری و شهرسازی می‌باشند. به‌منظور تعیین حجم نمونه از روش تعداد متغیرهای مشاهده‌پذیر و مقدار حجم نمونه استفاده شد با توجه به اینکه تعداد سؤالات پرسشنامه برابر با 20 سؤال یود ازاین‌رو حجم نمونه به ازای هر سؤال 5 نفر در نظر گرفته شد؛ حجم نمونه به‌دست‌آمده برابر با 100 نفر بود. پایایی پرسشنامه از طریق محاسبه آلفای کرونباخ و محاسبه ضریب پایایی ترکیبی (cr) سنجیده شد و به تأیید رسید. روایی پرسشنامه نیز در دو مرحله روایی صوری و ظاهری از طریق کسب نظر از اساتید و کارشناسان تأیید، و روایی واگرا با محاسبه شاخص میانگین واریانس استخراج‌شده (AVE) تأیید شد. در این پژوهش به‌منظور بررسی داده‌های پژوهش از مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری در محیط نرم‌افزار لیزرل استفاده‌شده است. یافته‌های حاصل از این پژوهش نشان داد که مدیریت خدمات الکترونیک با ضریب مسیر 15/0، مشارکت الکترونیک با ضریب مسیر 26/0، کیفیت خدمات الکترونیک با ضریب مسیر 57/0 و آموزش الکترونیک با ضریب مسیر 17/0 تأثیر مثبت و معناداری بر حکمروایی هوشمند شهری دارند.

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انجمن جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری ایران مجله شهر پایدار 2476-6631 8 4 2025 12 23 Artificial Intelligence in Sustainable Urban Transportation: A Scientometric Analysis of Trends, Conceptual Clusters, and Research Gaps (2005–2024) هوش مصنوعی در حمل‌ونقل پایدار شهری: تحلیل علم‌سنجی روندها، خوشه‌های مفهومی و شکاف‌های پژوهشی (2005–2024) 61 78 239603 10.22034/jsc.2026.522219.1844 FA حافظ مهدنژاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه سید جمال‌الدین اسدآبادی، اسدآباد، ایران Journal Article 2025 07 06 A B S T R A C T Artificial intelligence (AI) plays a key role in optimizing urban transportation systems and reduces traffic and energy consumption by analyzing real data. The present study, using a qualitative-quantitative scientometric approach and a descriptive-analytical method, analyzed the trends, conceptual structure, research gaps, and future directions in the field of applying artificial intelligence in sustainable urban transportation during the years 2005 to 2024. The statistical population consists of 172 documents indexed in the Scopus database, which were analyzed through a structured search and keyword co-occurrence analysis with VOSviewer software. According to the research findings, scientific production has changed from gradual growth (2005–2015) to accelerated growth (especially from 2021 onwards), which is due to technological developments, climate pressures, the expansion of smart cities, and the simultaneous COVID-19 pandemic. The geographical distribution of resources shows the leadership of countries such as India, China, the United States, and Italy, which reflects the impact of rapid urbanization and national policies on knowledge generation. Cluster analysis revealed six key conceptual areas including AI technologies, environmental and sustainability dimensions, user behavior and mobility, transportation policy, system optimization, and decision support systems. The results indicate that the ultimate goal of AI in urban transportation planning is to achieve urban sustainability goals, but it faces gaps in the integration of social justice, algorithmic details, environmental indicators, and context-based analyses. Hence, future research should move AI from efficiency towards social justice, environmental integration, context-based algorithms, interdisciplinary collaboration, and urban living labs. Extended Abstract Introduction The application of Artificial intelligence (AI) in urban transport, from intelligent traffic management to autonomous vehicles and decision-making systems, has significant potential to reduce emissions, optimize energy consumption, and improve citizens’ access to transport services. However, despite the rapid expansion of this field, collective knowledge about its conceptual structure, evolutionary trends, and future directions is still scattered and unorganized. This is doubly important because AI can act as a tool for achieving sustainable development goals such as sustainable cities and climate action, and, on the other hand, if designed inequitably, it can exacerbate social and accessibility gaps. In this regard, the main question of the present study is: How has the global knowledge structure in the field of AI in sustainable urban transport been formed, what trends and dominant conceptual clusters exist in it, and what research and policy gaps does it face? Previous studies have mainly focused on technical or case-specific aspects and have not addressed a systematic and comprehensive analysis of global literature with a scientometric approach, especially identifying research gaps and future directions. Therefore, the present study aims to fill this gap by systematically mapping the knowledge of this field over the period 2005 to 2024. Based on this, the main objectives of the present study are: identifying temporal and geographical trends in knowledge production, analyzing conceptual clusters and keyword co-occurrence networks, identifying research gaps and providing future directions. Methodology The present study is descriptive-analytical in terms of method with a qualitative-quantitative scientometric approach; because in addition to describing the patterns of document analysis, keyword co-occurrence, overlap, and vocabulary density, it has been attempted to identify conceptual clusters and semantic relationships of conceptual clusters of artificial intelligence in sustainable urban transportation, as well as identifying research gaps and future directions. Also, this study is considered an applied research in terms of purpose. The statistical population includes all sources indexed in the Scopus database from 2005 to 2024, which includes 172 sources. In fact, the basis of the present study is research that has been conducted in the last 20 years. To retrieve documents, a structured search was performed with the aim of covering the broadest possible meanings of two key concepts: TITLE-ABS-KEY (“artificial intelligence” OR “AI” OR “machine learning” OR “deep learning” OR “neural network” OR “intelligent system”) AND (“sustainable urban transport” OR “sustainable mobility” OR “green transport” OR “eco-friendly urban mobility” OR “low-carbon urban transport”). Results and discussion The most important findings of the study show that the production of scientific resources in the field of AI applications in sustainable urban transport has gone from gradual growth (2005–2015) to accelerated growth (from 2021 onwards). This acceleration is influenced by four key factors: technological developments in AI (especially deep learning and natural language processing from 2018 onwards), global political and environmental pressures (such as the Paris Agreement and the Sustainable Development Goals), the expansion of smart cities, and the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. Geographical analysis reveals the prominence of countries such as India (with 33 sources), China (21 sources), the United States, Germany, and Italy, which is due to a combination of rapid urbanization, supportive government policies, and strong research infrastructure. Co-occurrence analysis of terms reveals three conceptual layers: technology (AI, big data), operational application (urban transport, traffic), and policy (sustainable development, urban planning). Additionally, six conceptual clusters are identified that demonstrate the semantic relationship between technology, sustainability, user behavior, policy, optimization, and spatial decision-making. However, research gaps are evident, such as the lack of attention to social justice in mobility, the neglect of algorithmic aspects and emerging technologies (such as autonomous vehicles), and the lack of comparative, context-based studies. Future directions require a focus on AI for justice, the integration of environmental indicators into algorithms, the development of context-based solutions for developing cities, and deeper interdisciplinary research. Conclusion The research findings indicate that the field of AI in sustainable urban transport has undergone extensive changes, as it has transformed from a novel idea in the first decade of this century to a dynamic and multidimensional research trend with rapid growth since 2021. Factors such as digital advances, environmental crises and global climate pressures, the development of smart cities, and developments after the COVID-19 pandemic have made this field a dynamic and multifaceted topic. In addition, the geographical distribution of resources indicates the leadership of countries such as India, China, and the United States, reflecting the effects of rapid urbanization and national policies on knowledge production. Based on scientometric analyses, six key conceptual clusters in the field of AI in sustainable urban transport have been revealed. These six conceptual clusters include AI technologies, environmental and sustainability components, user behavior and mobility, transportation policy, system optimization, and decision support systems. At the same time, emerging concepts, including terms such as smart cities, deep learning, and micromobility, have recently attracted serious attention from researchers and policymakers. However, the social and algorithmic aspects have received less attention. Funding This research was conducted independently by the author without any financial support from any organization or institution. Authors’ Contribution The author solely carried out all stages of this research, including study design, data collection, data analysis, manuscript writing, and editing. Conflict of Interest The author declares that there is no conflict of interest regarding the writing, execution, or publication of this article. Acknowledgments The author sincerely thanks all individuals who directly or indirectly contributed to the completion of this research, especially the reviewers and evaluators whose constructive feedback helped improve the quality of the manuscript. هوش مصنوعی نقش کلیدی در بهینه‌سازی سیستم‌های حمل‌ونقل شهری دارد و با تحلیل داده‌های واقعی، ترافیک را کاهش و مصرف انرژی را کاهش می‌دهد. پژوهش حاضر با رویکرد علم‌سنجی کیفی-کمی و روش توصیفی-تحلیلی، به تحلیل روند، ساختار مفهومی، شکاف‌های پژوهشی و جهت‌گیری‌های آینده در حوزه کاربست هوش مصنوعی در حمل‌ونقل پایدار شهری طی سال‌های 2005 تا 2024 پرداخته است. جامعه آماری متشکل از 172 سند نمایه شده در پایگاه اسکوپوس است که با جست‌وجوی ساختاریافته و تحلیل هم رخدادی کلیدواژگان با نرم‌افزار VOSviewer، تحلیل گردید. بر اساس یافته‌ها پژوهش، تولید علمی از رشد تدریجی (2005–2015) به رشد شتابان (به‌ویژه از 2021 به بعد) تغییریافته که علت آن تحولات فناوری، فشارهای اقلیمی، گسترش شهرهای هوشمند و پاندمی کووید-19 هم‌زمان است. توزیع جغرافیایی منابع نشانگر پیشتازی کشورهایی نظیر هند، چین، ایالات‌متحده و ایتالیا است که نمایانگر تأثیر شهرنشینی شتابان و سیاست‌های ملی در تولید دانش است. تحلیل خوشه‌ای شش حوزه مفهومی کلیدی مشتمل بر فناوری‌های هوش مصنوعی، ابعاد زیست‌محیطی و پایداری، رفتار کاربران و تحرک، سیاست‌گذاری حمل‌ونقل، بهینه‌سازی سیستم‌ها و سیستم‌های پشتیبان تصمیم را آشکار نمود. نتایج نشانگر آن است که هدف نهایی هوش مصنوعی در برنامه‌ریزی حمل‌ونقل شهری، تحقق اهداف پایداری شهری است، اما با شکاف‌هایی در ادغام عدالت اجتماعی، جزئیات الگوریتمی، شاخص‌های زیست‌محیطی و تحلیل‌های زمینه‌محور مواجه است. ازاین‌رو، پژوهش‌های آینده باید هوش مصنوعی را از کارایی به سمت عدالت اجتماعی، یکپارچگی محیطی، الگوریتم‌های زمینه‌محور، همکاری‌های میان‌رشته‌ای و آزمایشگاه‌های زنده شهری به سمت حرکت دهند.

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انجمن جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری ایران مجله شهر پایدار 2476-6631 8 4 2025 12 22 Intervening in the Cycle of Urban Poverty: A Comprehensive and Critical Analysis of Inadequate Housing and Its Threat to Health مداخله در چرخه فقر شهری: تحلیلی جامع و انتقادی از مسکن نامناسب و تهدید آن برای سلامت 79 102 242764 10.22034/jsc.2026.532661.1856 FA ابراهیم رضایی گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران 0000-0002-6098-2507 ابوالفضل مشکینی گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران مهدی پورطاهری گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران 0000-0002-6388-8823 Journal Article 2025 07 07 A B S T R A C T Understanding the mechanisms of the urban poverty cycle and identifying the factors that contribute to its decline or persistence are of high scientific importance. While some factors help disrupt this cycle, others unfortunately intervene in ways that lead to its continuation or intensification. In this context, inadequate housing emerges as a central driver in the persistence of urban poverty, exerting negative effects on individuals’ physical, mental, and social health, as well as on overall societal well-being. Using a comprehensive analytical methodology, this article identifies indicators of inadequate housing that disrupt the urban poverty cycle and pose threats to health. These indicators (a total of 57) are categorized into three broad domains— biological functions of housing, neighborhood and community, and housing tenure—and further organized into ten dimensions. The article also critically examines the health-related consequences associated with each indicator. The analysis reveals a substantial body of research addressing the physical aspects of inadequate housing and its extensive impacts on health. The evidence reviewed underscores the importance of the involvement of policymakers, planners, and managers in addressing poverty through a holistic approach that accounts for its broad and multidimensional consequences. This study represents an important step toward understanding the interconnections between inadequate housing, urban poverty, and health. The proposed framework provides a solid foundation for advancing research, policies, and interventions aimed at improving quality of life and reducing inequalities in urban communities. Extended Abstract Introduction this article addresses the persistent challenge of urban poverty and its intricate relationship with inadequate housing. Recognizing inadequate housing as a critical component within multidimensional poverty frameworks, the research underscores its role in perpetuating the cycle of urban poverty by constraining individuals within unfavorable circumstances. Moving beyond a simplistic definition of shelter, adequate housing is defined to encompass essential elements such as security of tenure, optimal location, access to vital services, and affordability – all fundamental for fostering physical, mental, and social well-being. The compelling necessity for this research stems from the global struggle to ensure adequate housing, a struggle intensified by urban neo-liberalization and the prevalence of private ownership, which have significantly limited access to suitable living spaces for a substantial portion of the urban populace. The central objective of this article is to meticulously explore the various dimensions, indicators, and underlying mechanisms through which inadequate housing exerts its influence on social health. Specifically, the study aims to precisely identify the key indicators within inadequate housing that impact social health and to rigorously analyze how each of these indicators constitutes a threat. The significant contribution of this article lies in its capacity to offer novel insights into the complex interplay between housing and health. Crucially, it helps bridge the existing gap in our understanding of how inadequate housing specifically impacts social health and provides a robust set of comprehensive indicators for its evaluation. Furthermore, the research delves into the often-underexamined role of inadequate housing in sustaining urban poverty, systematically connecting each dimension and indicator to the broader cycle of urban poverty, thereby establishing a solid foundation for future scholarly inquiry. Methodology We implemented a PSALSA–PRISMA integrated approach, merging the SALSA framework and the PRISMA guidelines to perform a structured, comprehensive literature review. Searches in Web of Science and Scopus yielded 241 records; after applying predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria and conducting quality appraisal, 29 articles were selected for in-depth analysis. Extracted data were categorized into general and specific categories and then analyzed to understand the relationships between housing dimensions, indicators, and health outcomes. Results and discussion In this article, we conducted a systematic review of the English-language literature to identify indicators of inadequate housing and the threats each of these indicators poses to health. In total, 57 indicators were identified. Studies of selected researches have revealed that inappropriate housing affects health in three areas: a- biological functions of housing, b- neighborhood and community, and c- Housing tenure. In order to facilitate better understanding and analysis, indicators of biological functions of housing were categorized into six dimensions, neighborhood and community indicators into three dimensions, and Housing tenure indicators into one dimension. Afterward, each of these fields, dimensions, indicators, and threats was analyzed in detail. Conclusion The systematic review of indicators of inadequate housing provides important insight into poverty's complex nature and its impact on health. Throughout this review, we emphasized the importance of addressing structural and systemic factors that perpetuate poverty and inequality, including inadequate housing. Based on the evidence presented in this review, it is imperative that policy makers, researchers, and professionals collaborate to adopt a comprehensive approach to addressing poverty and its impact on health. Funding There is no funding support. Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. فهم مکانیسم‌های چرخه فقر شهری و شناسایی عوامل زوال یا بقای آن از اهمیت علمی بالایی برخوردار است. درحالی‌که برخی از عوامل به قطع این چرخه کمک می‌کنند، متأسفانه عوامل دیگری در آن مداخله کرده و موجب تداوم/تشدید آن می‌شوند. در این میان، مسکن نامناسب به‌عنوان محرّکی محوری در تداوم فقر شهری پدیدار می‌شود و به‌طور منفی بر سلامت جسمی، روانی و اجتماعی افراد و همچنین رفاه جامعه تأثیر می‌گذارد. این مقاله با استفاده از یک روش‌شناسی تحلیلی جامع، نماگرهای مسکن نامناسب که موجب اختلال در چرخه فقر شهری و تهدید سلامت می‌شوند را شناسایی کرده است. این نماگرها (تعداد 57 نماگر) در قالب سه حوزه کلی (کارکردهای زیستی مسکن، محله و اجتماع محلی و تصدی مسکن) و ده بُعد تقسیم‌بندی شده است. مقاله حاضر همچنین پیامدهای بهداشتی مرتبط با هر نماگر را به‌صورت انتقادی مورد تحلیل قرار می‌دهد. تحلیل ارائه‌شده حاکی از وجود حجم قابل‌توجهی از مطالعات در زمینه جنبه‌های فیزیکی مسکن نامناسب و تأثیر گسترده آن بر سلامت است. شواهد کنکاش شده بر اهمیت مشارکت سیاست‌گذاران، برنامه‌ریزان و مدیران در برخورد با فقر به‌طور کل‌نگر و با در نظر گرفتن پیامدهای گسترده و چندوجهی آن تأکید می‌کند. این پژوهش گامی مهم برای درک پیوند میان مسکن نامناسب، فقر شهری و سلامت به شمار می‌آید. چارچوب ارائه‌شده مبنای محکمی برای پیشبرد پژوهش‌ها، سیاست‌ها و اقدامات با هدف بهبود کیفیت زندگی و کاهش نابرابری‌ها در جوامع شهری فراهم می‌آورد.

https://www.jscity.ir/article_242764_d7483430ef03eca02442c0e9969836fe.pdf

انجمن جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری ایران مجله شهر پایدار 2476-6631 8 4 2025 12 22 Pathology of factors inhibiting and driving tissue development with an approach to organization and empowerment: A case study of Ilam city آسیب‌شناسی عوامل بازدارنده و محرّک توسعه بافت با رویکرد ساماندهی و توانمندسازی مطالعه موردی: شهر ایلام 103 126 242765 10.22034/jsc.2026.524733.1847 FA شهاب منصوری گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، واحد مرند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرند، ایران ابراهیم تقوی گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، واحد مرند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرند، ایران 0000-0003-3876-9037 بختیار عزت پناه گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، واحد مرند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرند، ایران Journal Article 2025 07 07 A B S T R A C T In principle, the use of comprehensive frameworks such as integrated urban management and cultural heritage impact assessment can help reduce conflicts between urban development and the preservation of environmental and social values. This research aims to analyze the factors inhibiting and stimulating the development of urban fabric in Ilam with an organizing and empowering approach. The present study, with an applied-theoretical nature and a mixed approach, was designed and implemented in two stages. In the first stage, data were collected through documentary studies, surveys, and semi-in-depth interviews. In the second stage, data were examined using factor analysis and structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this research includes residents of four urban areas of Ilam, which are divided into 14 urban districts. Based on the analyses conducted, 43 inhibiting factors and 38 stimulating factors for development were identified within the framework of six main groups (environmental, economic, social, cultural, physical-spatial, and institutional-managerial). The findings of the study showed that the most important factors inhibiting the development of Ilam's urban fabric include weak physical infrastructure (such as an inefficient transportation network with a factor loading of 0.84), destruction of natural resources (factor loading of 0.77), lack of financial resources (factor loading of 0.81), and weak coordination between management institutions (factor loading of 0.87). All model fit indices indicated a good fit of the model with the data. The results of this study indicate that weak physical infrastructure and destruction of natural resources are the main challenges to the sustainable development of Ilam's urban fabric. Extended Abstract Introduction Inefficient urban fabrics, particularly in cities with long-standing historical layers such as Ilam, constitute one of the most persistent challenges to achieving sustainable urban development. Evidence suggests that the urban development policies pursued in Ilam over the past decade have not generated substantive improvements in the condition of these deteriorated fabric areas. Their continued instability has affected not only the neighborhoods themselves but has also disrupted the city’s broader spatial and functional structure. As inseparable components of the urban system, the degradation of these areas ultimately compromises the overall stability and resilience of Ilam. Given their strategic importance, these neighborhoods cannot be removed or neglected; rather, they represent critical nuclei for the city’s future development. To confront these challenges, this study advances an “organization and empowerment” approach grounded in a systematic synthesis of the factors that inhibit and stimulate urban development. This framework provides a set of operational strategies for the restructuring and sustainable revitalization of inefficient urban fabrics. At the core of this approach is the socio-economic empowerment of local residents through improved access to public services, the creation of localized employment opportunities, and the expansion and integration of public transportation networks. Strengthening the physical resilience of infrastructure to natural hazards, particularly earthquakes, while safeguarding the city’s cultural heritage is also prioritized. Additionally, the study underscores the potential of compact, internal development to maximize the use of existing urban land resources. Collectively, these interventions illustrate how the organization–empowerment synthesis can offer a comprehensive and actionable pathway for the sustainable regeneration of Ilam’s inefficient and historically significant urban areas. Methodology This study aims to analyze and identify the inhibiting and stimulating factors influencing the development of Ilam’s urban fabric by adopting an analytical–descriptive research design. The methodology combines documentary (library-based) sources with field data gathered through structured questionnaires. The statistical population comprises residents of four urban districts that collectively include fourteen neighborhoods. Using Cochran’s formula, a sample size of 384 respondents was determined, and questionnaires were administered through a simple random sampling procedure to ensure adequate representativeness. Qualitative content analysis of the collected data, supplemented by a review of relevant literature and interview transcripts, enabled the extraction of key thematic concepts. Through an open-coding process, 43 inhibiting factors and 38 stimulating factors were identified and subsequently classified into five principal categories: physical–spatial, environmental, socio-cultural, economic, and managerial–institutional. These coded categories provided the foundation for the statistical analyses and quantitative evaluations conducted in the later stages of the research. Results and discussion The empirical findings indicate that all indicators across the analyzed dimensions possess standardized factor loadings exceeding 0.40, with their corresponding t-statistics surpassing the critical value of 1.96. These results confirm statistically significant relationships between the indicators and their latent constructs associated with urban development. Moreover, the average variance extracted (AVE) for each dimension is greater than 0.50, providing strong evidence of convergent validity and demonstrating that the indicators adequately represent their respective structures. The analysis reveals that the drivers of urban fabric development in Ilam can be grouped into five overarching dimensions: physical–spatial, environmental, socio-cultural, economic, and managerial–institutional. Each dimension exerts a meaningful influence on shaping the city’s development processes. In particular, strengthening physical–spatial infrastructure, enhancing environmental management, fostering citizen participation, improving institutional and administrative performance, and reducing bureaucratic barriers emerge as key strategic pathways for organizing and empowering the urban fabric of Ilam. Model-fit assessments show that the structural model achieves a high level of statistical adequacy, indicating that the quantitative data effectively validate the inhibiting and stimulating factors identified through qualitative inquiry. Consequently, the proposed model provides a rigorous analytical framework for examining the dynamics of urban fabric development in Ilam and offers a sound foundation for evidence-based managerial and planning decisions aimed at revitalizing and empowering the city’s urban fabric. Conclusion The study demonstrates that the factors inhibiting the development of Ilam’s urban fabric can be grouped into five principal dimensions: physical–spatial, environmental, socio-cultural, economic, and managerial–institutional. Alongside these constraints, the analysis identifies several development-driving factors capable of supporting the organization and empowerment of the city’s urban fabric. The inhibiting factors primarily arise from insufficient infrastructure, managerial inefficiencies, environmental degradation, and persistent social challenges, all of which require coherent, long-term planning interventions. By contrast, promoting active citizen participation, upgrading key infrastructure systems, and implementing sound environmental management policies emerge as central strategies for advancing sustainable urban development. To move toward a more resilient and livable urban environment, the study recommends enhancing inter-organizational coordination, expanding public education on sustainable development, and increasing investment in transportation infrastructure, green spaces, and building retrofitting. Incentive structures aimed at attracting domestic and international investment should also be prioritized. Drawing on global experiences and tailoring them to local conditions, the study proposes a set of actionable measures: establishing integrated planning frameworks; strengthening sustainable transport and communication networks; adopting comprehensive environmental management policies; deepening public participation in decision-making; fostering innovation-based economic development; improving public service provision and social infrastructure; cultivating environmental awareness; and creating targeted incentives to stimulate private sector engagement. Collectively, these strategies provide a practical roadmap for mitigating constraints and reinforcing enablers in the sustainable development of Ilam’s urban fabric. Funding There is no funding support. Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. اصولاً استفاده از چارچوب‌های جامع نظیر مدیریت یکپارچه شهری و ارزیابی تأثیرات میراث فرهنگی می‌تواند به کاهش تعارضات میان توسعه بافت و حفظ ارزش‌های محیطی و اجتماعی کمک کند. این پژوهش با هدف تحلیل عوامل بازدارنده و محرک توسعه بافت شهر ایلام با رویکرد ساماندهی و توانمندسازی پرداخته است. مطالعه حاضر با ماهیتی کاربردی _ نظری و رویکردی ترکیبی، در دو مرحله طراحی و اجرا شد. در مرحله اول، داده‌ها از طریق مطالعات اسنادی، پیمایش و مصاحبه‌های نیمه عمیق جمع‌آوری شدند. در مرحله دوم، داده‌ها با استفاده از تحلیل عاملی و مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری موردبررسی قرار گرفتند. جامعه آماری این تحقیق شامل ساکنان چهار منطقه شهری ایلام است که در ۱۴ ناحیه شهری تقسیم‌بندی شده‌اند. بر اساس تحلیل‌های انجام‌شده، ۴۳ عامل بازدارنده و ۳۸ عامل محرک توسعه در چهارچوب شش گروه اصلی (زیست‌محیطی، اقتصادی، اجتماعی، فرهنگی، کالبدی _ فضایی و نهادی _ مدیریتی) شناسایی شدند. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد که مهم‌ترین عوامل بازدارنده توسعه بافت شهری ایلام شامل ضعف زیرساخت‌های کالبدی (مانند شبکه حمل‌ونقل ناکارآمد با بار عاملی ۰.۸۴)، تخریب منابع طبیعی (بار عاملی ۰.۷۷)، کمبود اعتبارات مالی (بار عاملی ۰.۸۱)، و ضعف هماهنگی میان نهادهای مدیریتی (بار عاملی ۰.۸۷) است. تمامی شاخص‌های برازش مدل نشان‌دهنده تناسب مناسب مدل با داده‌ها بودند. نتایج این پژوهش حاکی از آن است که ضعف زیرساخت‌های کالبدی و تخریب منابع طبیعی چالش‌های اصلی توسعه پایدار بافت شهری ایلام هستند.

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