انجمن جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری ایران مجله شهر پایدار 2476-6631 8 2 2025 07 23 A Systematic Review of the Challenges of Realizing the Regeneration of Inefficient Urban Textures in Iran from the Perspective of Urban Governance مرور نظام‌مند چالش‌های تحقق‌پذیری بازآفرینی بافت‌های ناکارآمد شهری ایران از منظر حکمروایی شهری 49 64 221711 10.22034/jsc.2025.463151.1785 FA زهرا منتظری گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران 0009-0009-2847-0796 محمود محمدی گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران 0000-0002-4736-8385 Journal Article 2025 03 24 A B S T R A C T Today, the urban regeneration approach has been introduced as the latest policy for intervention in inefficient urban contexts in Iran and the world. With this approach, from Decision-Making processes, diversity, and multiplicity of actors, participation, if objectified and applied to the Governance structure and framework, will achieve improvement and success. However, the urban regeneration policy in Iran is still facing challenges regarding its proper and desirable realization. This research aims to identify the "Realization Challenges of Urban Regeneration in Iran from the Perspective of Urban Governance" and to try to achieve a comprehensive framework of challenges. In the present research, the Meta-Synthesis Method was used to refer to Iran's most important databases to achieve the mentioned goal. Therefore, the number of 42 domestic articles was selected based on principle and after screening and coded with ATLAS.Ti9 software, and the qualitative findings were analyzed and combined after being placed in the factors of urban governance efficiency. During the information extraction process, the 38 codes identified in the first order were categorized into 10 second-order codes (judgment sub-factors) and 4 third-order codes (selective codes-judgment efficiency factors). Laws and Regulations related to Regeneration, a comprehensive approach to Regeneration measures in intervention that is appropriate to any type of inefficient context, the presence of non-governmental organizations in the field of regeneration, and motivational and profitable frameworks for private sector investment. They are one of the most important challenges related to realizing urban regeneration policy in Iran. Also, the most important factor in the efficiency of governance of urban regeneration in Iran is to pay attention to the capacity of urban governments, which presents the most challenges. Extended Abstract Introduction With the expansion of inefficiency areas inside the country, the approach of urban regeneration was introduced as the latest policy to intervene in such contexts. With this approach, from decision-making processes, diversity and multiplicity of actors, participation, if it is subject and applied with the governance structure and framework, it will achieve improvement and success. However, urban regeneration policy in Iran is still facing challenges for proper and desirable realization. The purpose of this research is to identify the "challenges of the realization of urban regeneration in Iran from the perspective of urban governance", as regeneration is considered as a comprehensive process, all the challenges in the path of realization of this approach in the conditions of Iran Note. Therefore, in the following, while presenting theoretical discussions about the nature and essence of urban regeneration, the selected articles of this field (with the aim of discovering the challenges of regeneration) were examined, systematically reviewed, and synthesized in response to the question of "challenges and obstacles." What is the non-realization of regeneration in the face of Iran's inefficient urban contexts from the governance perspective?" Finally, the challenges identified from the Meta-Synthesis results (analysis of selected articles) are framed and analyzed using the efficiency factors of urban governance. Methodology The method of this research is fundamental in terms of its purpose, and in order to answer the question and advance the research, the Meta-Synthesis method has been used. In the Meta-Synthesis method, according to the goals and questions of the research, the researcher enters articles into the Meta-Synthesis process and from the text of previous studies in the relevant field (here: urban regeneration), as data and from the document analysis method (according to the definition of Meta-Synthesis: abstract study, findings, and results) is used for the present research. In order to set the research questions, the parameters of what (What), who or the community under study (Who), when (When), and how (How) were used, which are presented below: What: Iranian databases are examined for research articles on urban regeneration from 2018 to 2023. The purpose of the research is to identify the challenges of realizing the urban regeneration policy in the face of inefficient urban contexts, so only the propositions related to the obstacle, weakness, deficiency, and challenge for this approach will be analyzed. It is noteworthy that this research does not only examine articles on the nature of governance in urban regeneration because, with the initial review, many of the mentioned articles only evaluate the criteria and dimensions of good governance in urban regeneration, and challenges and obstacles have not been mentioned much; also, adopting this selective strategy will ignore many problems and challenges raised in other articles. Therefore, this research has included and presented all the articles on the nature of regeneration. -Who: all Persian and scientific research articles on urban regeneration in Iran's internal databases (Noormagz, Magiran, and SID) - When (time limit - When): studies from 2018 to 2023 (last five years) - How: document analysis method (abstract review, findings, and results of documents) while using Atlas-ti9 software is used in this research. Finally, 42 domestic articles were selected based on principles after screening and coded with ATLAS.Ti9 software. The qualitative findings were analyzed and combined after being placed in the efficiency factors of urban governance. Results and discussion During the information extraction process, 38 codes identified in the first order have been categorized into 10 second-order codes (judgment sub-factors) and 4 third-order codes (selection codes-judgment efficiency factors). In the realization of the regeneration policy to intervene in the inefficient urban contexts of Iran, it is clear that the challenges related to "the capacity of urban governments" and in its subgroup, "planning and supervisory control," are the most important in the field of regeneration from the point of view of our rulings (choice codes). In the realization of regeneration policy to intervene in the inefficient urban contexts of Iran, it is clear that "the capacity of urban governments" (choice code) and in its subset "planning and supervisory control" (second order category) based on frequency, the most important challenges of the regeneration approach are in the perspective of urban governance. Also, out of 38 challenge codes in the "first-order category" mode, 11 categories with a frequency greater than 20 have been identified, which are "rules and regulations related to regeneration," "comprehensive attitude to regeneration measures in intervention and appropriate to any type of inefficient context." "And the presence of non-governmental organizations in the regeneration field" are the most important codes. Conclusion It is noteworthy that the success of the urban regeneration approach is in identifying and improving the relevant challenges. The final challenges of regeneration policy are based on governance efficiency factors and the order of frequency of each factor, which include the capacity of urban governments, political systems and institutions, the relationship between the national-urban government, and the role of the private sector. It should also be said that most challenges are based on the centrality of integrated management, participation, urban regeneration, development plans, neglect of urban management to the conditions of each context, citizens, and mechanisms, the centrality and lack of dynamism of regeneration headquarters, etc. Also, based on the efficiency factors of urban governance and the reviewed articles, regeneration challenges can be examined at two national levels (in terms of interactions at the monitoring levels) and local levels (planning, control, and supervision) and with direct effects. Funding There is no funding support. Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. امروزه رویکرد بازآفرینی شهری به‌عنوان متأخرترین سیاست برای مداخله در بافت‌های ناکارآمد شهری ایران و جهان معرفی‌شده است. با برخورداری این رویکرد، از فرآیندهای تصمیم‌گیری، تنوع و تعدد بازیگران، مشارکت، چنانچه با ساختار و چارچوب حکمروایی موضوعیت و کاربست یابد، به بهبود و موفقیت دست می‌یابد. ولیکن همچنان این سیاست در ایران، با چالش‌هایی برای تحقق‌پذیری مناسب و مطلوب مواجهه است. هدف از این پژوهش، شناسایی «چالش‌های تحقق‌پذیری بازآفرینی شهری در کشور ایران از منظر حکمروایی شهری» و تلاش برای دستیابی به چارچوب جامعی از چالش‌ها است، که از روش فراترکیب و با مراجعه به مهم‌ترین پایگاه‌های داده در ایران برای دستیابی به هدف مذکور استفاده‌شده است. بنابراین تعداد 42 مقاله داخلی به‌صورت اصولی و پس از طی غربال‌گری‌ها انتخاب و با نرم‌افزار ATLAS.Ti9 کدگذاری شده و یافته‌های کیفی، پس از قرارگیری در عوامل کارآمدی حکمروایی شهری مورد تحلیل و ترکیب قرارگرفته‌اند. در طی فرآیندهای استخراج اطلاعات، تعداد 38 کد شناسایی‌شده در مرتبه اول، در 10 کد مرتبه دوم (زیر عامل‌های حکمروایی) و 4 کد مرتبه سوم (کدهای انتخابی- عوامل کارآمدی حکمروایی) دسته‌بندی‌شده‌اند. در حوزه قوانین و ضوابط مربوط به بازآفرینی، نگرش جامع به اقدامات بازآفرینی در مداخله و متناسب با هر نوع بافت ناکارآمد، حضور سازمان‌های مردم‌نهاد و چارچوب‌های انگیزشی و سودآور برای سرمایه‌گذاری بخش خصوصی به ترتیب بیشترین و مهم‌ترین چالش‌ها در ارتباط با تحقق‌پذیری سیاست بازآفرینی شهری در ایران گنجانده‌شده است. همچنین مهم‌ترین عامل کارآمدی حکمروایی بازآفرینی شهری در ایران، توجه به ظرفیت دولت‌های شهری است، که بیشترین چالش را در خود گنجانده است

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