Evaluation of infill development capacities with Emphasizing on infill Development Strategy in the Case Study of Ardabil City

A B S T R A C T
Cities to expand on their peripheral surroundings, regardless of the various physical, environmental, social and economic impacts. development is one of the new strategies to counter the physical development of cities. The main purpose of this strategy is to recapture lost or destroyed urban spaces. The type of research is applied -Practical and its method is analytical. Shannon and Holdern's entropy coefficient method to analyze the data and information for measuring the sprawl of the city, the nearest index for the model of infill development capacity distribution and the Vikor model for ranking the urban areas according to the studied land uses was used. According to the Shannon entropy coefficient calculations, the value of ln (n) is obtained at 1.38, which indicates that urban sprawl and physical development are sparse compared with the urban entropy coefficient of 1.37. Holderen's results also show that about 90 per cent of the city's growth was due to population growth, and only 0.09 per cent was to the city's horizontal and spiral growth. A comparative study of the proposed area and the urban area surveyed reveal that approximately 917 hectares of proposed landfill levels have not yet been met. While the city's infill capacity is 2408 hectares. By comparative comparison, the area is measured at a numerical average of the nearest-neighbour ratio of -27.58. Since this value is smaller than one, we, therefore, conclude that the inner city capacities are clustered throughout the city. Finally, according to the results of the Vikor method, region 3 has the highest infill development capacity with 36.15.
 
Extended Abstract
Introduction
Along with other cities in the country, the city of Ardabil underwent a serious transformation after the recent developments in the urban planning system. The role of Ardabil city around 1365 and before that was a dual role, on the one hand, it was a centre providing various social and personal services, as well as a large consumer market for agricultural products and a centre for collecting and exporting them outside the city. As the political centre of Ardabil province, this city became the capital of the province in 1370, which intensified the physical and demographic growth of the city, so that the population of the city was 83,596 thousand people in 1345, which reached 340,386 thousand people in 1375. Also, according to the results of the last census in 2015, this number has reached 527,264 thousand people, which is more than seven times compared to 2015. This trend of population growth was manifested in scattered urban growth along with the integration of villages and the change of agricultural land use on the edge of the city. So the area of the city has reached from 63/1389 hectares in 1345 to 1580 hectares in 1357 and 60000 hectares in 1385. The need to pay attention to the future development of the city and the need to guide and manage it has made it more than necessary. The city of Ardabil is one of the 1148 cities in the country and among the cities whose urban population has been affected by two phenomena of immigration and natural growth in the last few decades. Mawalid has taken an accelerated trend. This article aims to answer these questions: does Ardabil city have internal capacities for development? And that this solution can be a strategy to prevent excessive physical growth of the city. To answer these questions, first, the amount of horizontal urban growth has been determined, then the internal capacities of the city have been identified, and finally, the feasibility of the ability to respond to these capacities has been investigated to estimate the land needed for the future development of the city.
 
Methodology
The current research is applied-developmental in terms of purpose and based on descriptive-explanatory method. The required data and information have been collected by document method from library sources and official statistical reports of the country and Ardabil city. Shannon and Heldren's entropy method and tools available in ARC GIS software will be used to analyze data and information.
 
Results and discussion
By studying the current situation, we see that the city of Ardabil has been developed scattered in all directions, especially in the entrance and exit axes of the city (Astara - Ardabil, Tabriz, Ardabil, Khalkhal, Ardabil and Meshkinshahr - Ardabil). In the detailed plan, the physical boundaries of the city have been determined in such a way that with the aim of preserving the surrounding agricultural lands, it prevents the horizontal development of the city and at the same time provides the ground for the connection of the surrounding villages to the city complex. Currently, the area of Ardabil city has expanded beyond the proposed area of the detailed plan, and this has led to the horizontal and discontinuous expansion of the city, especially in the western and southern areas of the city.
 
Conclusion
In this research, a total of 6 land uses, which according to the opinion of urban experts are introduced as brown or brown land land uses, were studied and investigated. As the results of the research show, the city of Ardabil has always faced sprawl and scattered physical development. The results of Shannon's entropy coefficient also proved this. Also, the results of Heldren's method have shown that one of the most important causes of this vast physical growth of the city is the growth of the urban population. And less than one percent of it is due to physical growth and development.
 
Funding
There is no funding support.
 
Authors’ Contribution
All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work.
 
Conflict of Interest
Authors declared no conflict of interest.
 
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.